منتديات التعليم الثانوي

**السفير المجد** · الأحد 30 ديسمبر 2012 - 23:21

♥ سبحــآآن آللـھ?ہ ? بحمدھ? سبحــآآن آللـھ?ہ آلعظيّـمَ ♥

نمادج ثانية من فقرات العبير بالانجليزية ثالثة ثانوي

[color=red][u

][left]نمادج ثانية للتعبير بالانجليزية ثالثة ثانو
[/u][/color
[right]
subject 07
a presentation of the moon
The Moon is an earth satellite orbiting our planet from a distance of
384,000kms on average, and its orbit is in a west-to-east direction. Its
surface gravity is only 0.16 that of the Earth (one sixth), and it does not
seem to have life on it, since it has neither atmosphere nor water. Minimum and
maximum temperatures on it are wide apart, with +110˚C on the sunlit side and
–170˚C in lunar nights. The geology of this satellite is rock only, and its age
is about 4,6 billion years.
Plans to reach the Moon on space crafts have been on scientists’ minds since
early 20th century. But they became more concrete when the Russians launched
space crafts Sputnik 1 and Sputnik 2
in 1957, the second one carrying dog Laika. In 1961,
Yuri Gagarin orbited the Earth, followed by the American astronaut John Glenn
in 1962. Finally, America
won the honour of reaching the Moon before Russia, when Neil Armstrong set
foot on it on July 21st 1969.
There are at present plans to build a space base on the Moon, to set a giant
telescope and launch space ships from there to distant planets, and perhaps to
other solar systems.

subject 08

what would happen if a comet collided with the earth ???

I sometimes think with awe about the possible consequences for life on earth if
a comet collided with our planet. I can imagine it hurtling through the
atmosphere before it makes its terrible impact on some part of a continent.
Scientists do say that a similar incident took place many thousand years ago,
and provoked the extinction of many giant animal species, including dinosaurs.
An enormous crater would form, and possibly cause a volcanic eruption which
would send a heavy layer of particles and ash high up in the sky to stop the
sun rays from reaching the Earth. Our planet would then be in the dark for many
years, and consequently the temperatures would drop considerably.
A change in the climate could indeed occur, rainfalls and snowfalls would be frequent,
heavy and long lasting, and floods would result from them; the sea level would
probably rise, and cause some flat regions of the Earth to be totally immersed.
Another possible consequence of the impact would be a gigantic earthquake which
would destroy many inhabited areas and kill a huge number of people. If the
impact were near an ocean, a tsunami could develop and flood vast areas of flat
land, causing many people to die or become homeless.
Facts in the past have shown that a disaster like an impact of a heavenly body
on Earth could destroy life, or at least alter living conditions dramatically.
The same could be repeated if another collision occured. This is why scientists
are thinking up space programmes to find ways of preventing another accident of
this kind.

subject 09

solar eclipse

A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes in front of the Sun as seen from
Earth, and can happen only at new Moon. During a total eclipse the Sun’s corona
can be seen. A total solar eclipse can last up to 7.5 minutes. When the Moon is
at its farthest from the Earth it does not completely cover the face of the
Sun, leaving a ring of sunlight visible. This is an annular eclipse. Between
two and five solar eclipses occur each year but each is visible only from a
specific area. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes into the shadow of
the Earth, becoming dim until emerging from the shadow. Lunar eclipses may be
partial or total, and they can happen only at full Moon. Total lunar eclipses
last up to 100 minutes; the maximum number each year is three.
A total solar eclipse visible from southwestern England took place on 11 August
1999 and lasted for two minutes. This was the first total solar eclipse to be
visible from the UK
since 1927, the next will be in 2090.
subject 10[/u
imagine you are an agony aunt givin advice for teenagers about the panic that
comes with the baccalaureate exam
Dear Miserable,
I’m very sorry to hear that you are having difficulty coping with stress and
anxiety, due to the forthcoming final examination. I more than sympathise with
your being depressed. Let me tell you however that taking a few commonsense
steps would restore confidence and cheerfulness in you.
I think you are working too hard, and not taking enough time for breaks. Do you
know that cramming and doing exercises endlessly produce more anxiety in you?
That’s why you don’t feel you have time to spare for your friends, and to enjoy
some of the pleasures of life you are entitled to.
So, as I said, you should relax and sleep regularly, meanwhile leaving your
brain to process the hardest points of lessons and activities. You should go
out for walks or practise some sport everyday to help you relax. You ought not
to worry constantly about the time when your exam occurs, lest you would lose
your concentration on the appointed day.
Think that after all, you have reached a good level of competence, and that you
have enough strategies at this stage to decide how to organise your work. Let
me tell you again that when the exam comes, always start with the things you
can do easily and leave time for the most tricky parts.
I’m sure that when the time comes, you will be able to overcome your stress and
perform quite successfully.
I wish you all the best
[u]subject 11
describe the feelings and emotions expected from algerian in various situation
The death of a close friend or a relative, the occurrence of a natural disaster
or an accident, and other fatalities are likely to generate different feelings
and emotions in people.
Actually the difference in reaction is more particularly a question of gender.
Men will tend to hide their grief over the death of somebody they know, or
their awe when they witness a tragedy; during a natural disaster, they will try
not to panic and control their emotions; instead, they will react by taking
steps to protect their families and neighbours. Women will show their emotions
more openly. They will express their sadness and mourning, and cry profusely
when they learn about a relative’s death. Likewise, they will be rather shocked
and terrified when they see an accident in which there are casualties. Finally,
they are likely lose their self- control, and fail to take the right decisions
to protect themselves in an emergency.
The difference in response regarding the expression of love and affection will
most likely follow the same pattern. Men always try to avoid excessive
sentimentality. They generally avoid showing in verbal manner too much emotion
and feelings to their families and friends; they will express their care in a
different way; for instance by showing concern, offering help or giving
presents. Women are again prone to showing their feelings more openly. They
would more often than not use terms of endearment, and they often hug and kiss
family members, especially children.
The differing levels of sensitivity between men and women concerning the facts
of life is probably the reason why their marks of sympathy and affection are
dissimilar. But the male and female attitudes are complementary, and both necessary
for good human interaction

[color=black].

[b]

Ethics ;
Ethics is principles and moral values. it’s also ethics is the set of moral
rules that the professionals in any field are expected to respect when they
deal either with each other or with the public. in business, ethics represents
the attitudes that individuals and firms should comply with in the actions they
perform and the decisions they take at every level of their realizations. Such
a philosophy does not exist everywhere because it needs the existence of important
conditions to apply it.
in societies where both political and cultural conditions exist for making
everyone obey this practice, the main principles that those engaged in the
economic branches should follow involve a good number of the qualities that
have always served as the basis for civilization. Among them we find the
obligation to be honest and lawful in one's activities.

corruption
In general, corruption leads to harm the
public interest and reflect the phenomenon of corruption, a set of behaviors
(bribery, nepotism ... .. Paloasitp extortion ... ... .. smuggling looted
public money and ...).. There are many reasons behind the emergence of the
phenomenon of corruption and spread in the community although there is almost
unanimous on the fact that this phenomenon of human behavior, negative driven
by self-interest and corruption leads to the loosening of moral values and to
the frustration and the spread of indifference and passivity among the members
of the community, and the rise of intolerance and extremism in views and the
spread of crime as a reaction The collapse of values and lack of equal
opportunities. In view of what can be inflicted by corruption of the damage is
not at the local level but also at the international level, especially in light
of the trend towards free trade and free competition requires all of us try to
control but seems that the rampant corruption that fits many parts of the
strata of society, even the citizen a free fair may bribing or Smuggled when
needy, although it has long complained of corruption and its effects, then we
are in a vicious circle not resolve it, but that one come back to the teachings
of our religion by telling us altruism, integrity, honesty and sincerity and
conviction, but it is impossible not all what he loves to realize.[/b
[b]الاستماع[/
[b]قراءة صوتية للكلمات

القاموس
- عرض القاموس المفصل

[b]bribery

bribery is the crime of giving or receiving something of value to influence
official action. both the person giving and receiving the bribe are guilty of
bribery.

bribery is illegal for two reasons: firstly, it usually involves a public
official using his or her office for personal gain. Secondly, it can cause
officials to make unfair decisions that affect citizens.
Bribery is a very old crime. There is evidence of bribery dating back more than
4,000 years. Usually, a person who bribes a public official is paying to get
special treatment. this special treatment can come in many forms .for example
,a company might bribe an official to win a government contract .bribing a
public official is the most common type of bribery. in the united states, officials convicted
of bribery may be fined, removed from office, and sent to prison for up to 20
years.
Commercial bribery, the bribery of owners or employees of private companies, is
also illegal in many places, but it is less commonly punished. No one knows how
often people commit bribery, but many experts believe that most people who
bribe officials are never caught.
Bribery is most common in some countries or parts of countries than in others.
Many countries have made it illegal to bribe officials from other countries

1حضارة بلاد مابين النهرين

'Mesopotamia or
Mesopotamia (in Greek: Μεσοποταμία, ie Mesopotamia) Mesopotamia is located in
southwestern Asia. Was among the first centers
of civilization in the world. It is located now in Iraq
between the Tigris and the Euphrates. The most
famous are the civilizations of Sumer
and Babylon, and I barely, Assyrians, Chaldeans,
which originated from Iraq.
With a booming civilizations in Mesopotamia and in times of simultaneous and
successive been the occupation of land adjacent ranking the east parts of Iran and specifically Elam
(now the province of Khuzestan, known as Arab Stan) and occupied the west
and Syria to reach Palestine, where the
Babylonian exile in the reign of Nebuchadnezzar. After the death of
Nebuchadnezzar passed the Mesopotamia civilization in the era of decadence
while arisen forces civilization Persians Vtm occupation of Babylon and beyond
Babylon by Cyrus and become Kotaisfon (now known as the cities) southeast of Baghdad,
the capital of the horse came up the Islamic conquest at the hands of Omar bin
al-Khattab. With the passage of the years under the banner of Islam, Baghdad became the
capital of the Abbasid caliphate, which was considered the golden generation of
Islam. In 1919, Iraq
announced the emergence of self-rule to the state after independence from
Ottoman rule

2 الحضارة المصرية - نهر النيل-

The River Nile, which revolves around ancient
Egyptian civilization Npa over the hills of Ethiopia
in East Africa and the headwaters of the Nile in southern Sudan, traveling from north Sudan to Egypt to the flood comes every year
to feed the soil with silt. This phenomenon is natural flood Egypt's economy
has made a renewed sleep dependent mainly on agriculture. It helped the
emergence of civilization. The abundance of water could flood them Ivimon
network for irrigation, agriculture and manufactured boat traffic, transport
and fishing river. And gave them the land precious metals and gems such as
gold, silver and copper. They exchange goods with neighboring countries. The
ancient Egyptians Balgdid work innovative and startling creativity to the world
both in the embalming (article), music, sculpture, literature, painting, architecture
and pyramids found reflect the greatness of Architecture, the ancient Egyptians
and in ancient Egypt, the King is the absolute ruler and spiritual leader and
the link between the people and the gods. He was supported by the minister and
the administrative system and its priests and religious belief played a big
role in their lives and have had their impact on the art and thoughts about
life in the Hereafter ..
الاستماع
قراءة صوتية للكلمات[/u
[b][u] [/b
[b]القاموس - عرض القاموس المفصل
الحضارةالرومانية

* Romanian civilization:
- I stayed the Romanian
State nearly a thousand
years, about five centuries before the birth of Christ, peace be upon him, and
five after the birth. Named after the labeled rate of capital out of Rome and
its civilization, Rome has expanded in the sixth century BC, Vsitrt all over
Italy and then on the Greek cities and then on the Balkan Peninsula, and Asia
Minor and the Levant and Egypt and extended its control over Carthage in
Tunisia.
- Romanian tradition known civilization of manifestations of Greek civilization
building sea theaters and terraces, bridges and arches, houses and excelled in
carving statues and pictures, comedy and literature flourished in it.

* Roman history through three stages:
Phase I: Foundation Stage and the European Union (735 BC. M - 27 BC). And its
capital Rome.
Second stage: the stage of expansion and influence (27 BC. M - 395 m) with which the Romans
managed to create an empire stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to
the Euphrates basin in the east.
The third stage: the stage of weakness and disintegration, with the emergence
of the Germanic tribes in the political arena in Europe.

- Following that, the Theodosius in AD 395, dividing the empire into two parts:
the west and the capital Rome, and the eastern
capital of Constantinople (the State of the
Byzantines). Western fell in 476 AD and fell in the second in 1453.
* After the division of the Romanian Empire into an Eastern and Western Empire fell at the hands of western Germanic
tribes from the north 476 years old.

التلوث the Pollution
Pollution is the
introduction of substances or energy into the environment, resulting in
deleterious effects of such a nature as to endanger human health, harm living
resources and ecosystems, and impair or interfere with amenities and other
legitimate uses of the environment.[1] The major forms of pollution include:
Air pollution, the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere.
Common examples include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs), and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor vehicles.
Photochemical ozone and smog are created as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons
react to sunlight. Water pollution via surface runoff and leaching to
groundwater. Soil contamination occurs when chemicals are released by spill or
underground storage tank leakage. Among the most significant soil contaminants
are hydrocarbons, heavy metals, MTBE[2], herbicides, pesticides and chlorinated
hydrocarbons. Radioactive contamination, added in the wake of 20th-century
discoveries in atomic physics. (See alpha emitters and actinides in the
environment.) Noise pollution, which encompasses roadway noise, aircraft noise,
industrial noise as well as high-intensity sonar. Light pollution, includes
light trespass, over-illumination and astronomical interference. Visual
pollution, which can refer to the presence of overhead power lines, motorway
billboards, scarred landforms (as from strip mining), open storage of trash or
municipal solid waste. Thermal Pollution